⚡ Force Calculator
Calculate force, mass, and acceleration using Newton's laws with comprehensive analysis
Newton's Second Law
Force equals mass times acceleration
Weight Formula
Weight equals mass times gravitational acceleration
Friction Formula
Friction force equals coefficient times normal force
⚡ Force Calculator Guide
Master Newton's laws and force calculations
What is Force?
Force is a push or pull that can change an object's motion. It's measured in Newtons (N) and follows Newton's laws of motion.
Newton's Second Law
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
Newton's Second Law
F = ma
F = Force (Newtons)
m = Mass (kilograms)
a = Acceleration (m/s²)
Types of Forces
- • Gravitational force
- • Normal force
- • Friction force
- • Applied force
- • Tension force
- • Spring force
Units & Conversions
Force: Newton (N)
Mass: kilogram (kg)
Acceleration: m/s²
1 N = 1 kg⋅m/s²
1 N ≈ 0.225 pounds
Real-World Examples
• Apple falling: ~1 N
• Person walking: ~10 N
• Car braking: ~10,000 N
• Rocket launch: ~1,000,000 N
Problem-Solving Steps
Identify Given Values
Determine what you know (mass, acceleration, or force)
Choose the Right Formula
F = ma, m = F/a, or a = F/m
Check Units
Ensure consistent units (SI preferred)
Solve and Verify
Calculate and check if the answer makes sense
Example Problems
Problem 1: Find Force
A 10 kg object accelerates at 5 m/s²
Solution: F = ma = 10 × 5 = 50 N
Problem 2: Find Mass
A 100 N force causes 2 m/s² acceleration
Solution: m = F/a = 100/2 = 50 kg
Problem 3: Find Acceleration
A 20 N force acts on a 4 kg object
Solution: a = F/m = 20/4 = 5 m/s²
Applications
Engineering Design
Calculating structural loads and safety factors
Vehicle Safety
Designing brakes and safety systems
Sports Science
Analyzing athletic performance and training
Aerospace
Rocket propulsion and orbital mechanics
Common Mistakes
Unit Inconsistency
Always use consistent units (preferably SI)
Confusing Mass and Weight
Mass is in kg, weight is force (N)
Ignoring Direction
Force is a vector - direction matters
Net Force vs Individual Forces
F = ma uses net force, not individual forces
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